Virtual memory is created by using a portion of your hard drive as if it were RAM. In addition to physical memory, Linux uses virtual memory to increase the amount of memory available to your system. The sar command displays memory usage statistics, and the pmap command displays the memory map of a process. The free command displays the amount of free and used memory in your system, while vmstat provides information about memory usage, CPU, disk, and processes. Other commands that you can use for monitoring memory usage include free, vmstat, sar, and pmap. This command sorts all processes by memory usage, making it easy to identify processes that are consuming the most memory. This command shows the percentage of CPU and memory used by a process, along with the command used to execute the process.Īnother useful command for monitoring memory usage is the top -o %MEM command. To display the average CPU and memory usage of a single process, you can use the command ps -p -o %cpu,%mem,cmd.
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